What are the Common Strains of Lager Yeast in Beer Brewing?

Lager yeast, a vital component in the world of beer brewing, plays a significant role in producing various lagers. These yeasts are responsible for imparting unique flavors, aromas, and characteristics to the final product. Understanding the different strains of lager yeast is crucial for brewers as it allows them to select the most suitable yeast for their desired beer style. In this article, we will explore and discuss the most common strains of lager yeast used in beer brewing, providing a brief overview of their characteristics and the styles they are commonly associated with.

Understanding the Role of Lager Yeast in Beer Brewing

Beer is a beloved beverage enjoyed by millions around the world, and it owes its unique flavors and characteristics to a variety of factors, including the type of yeast used in the brewing process. Lager yeast, specifically, plays a crucial role in creating the crisp and clean taste that is synonymous with this popular beer style. In this article, we will delve into the common strains of lager yeast used in beer brewing, exploring their characteristics and how they contribute to the final product.

The Basics of Lager Yeast

Before we dive into the specific strains of lager yeast, let’s take a moment to understand what exactly lager yeast is and how it differs from other types of yeast used in brewing. Lager yeast, scientifically known as Saccharomyces pastorianus, is a bottom-fermenting yeast that thrives at lower temperatures compared to ale yeast, which is a top-fermenting yeast. The cooler fermentation temperatures used in lager brewing allow for a slower and more controlled fermentation process, resulting in a cleaner and more delicate flavor profile.

Munich Lager Yeast (WLP860)

One of the most common strains of lager yeast used in beer brewing is the Munich Lager yeast, also known by its laboratory code WLP860. This strain is derived from the famous Augustiner Brewery in Munich, Germany, and is highly sought after for its ability to produce well-balanced and clean lagers. Munich Lager yeast ferments at temperatures ranging from 48 to 52°F (9 to 11°C), and it imparts subtle flavors of malt and bread, making it an excellent choice for traditional German-style lagers such as Munich Helles and Oktoberfest.

Czech Pilsner Lager Yeast (WLP800)

Another popular strain of lager yeast is the Czech Pilsner yeast, also known as WLP800. This strain is commonly associated with the iconic Czech Pilsner style, known for its golden color and hop-forward character. Czech Pilsner yeast ferments at temperatures ranging from 50 to 55°F (10 to 13°C) and produces a clean and crisp beer with a pronounced hop bitterness. It is a versatile yeast that can also be used in other lager styles such as Vienna Lager and Bohemian Lager.

German Lager Yeast (WLP830)

German Lager yeast, with its laboratory code WLP830, is another widely used strain in the brewing industry. This strain hails from Weihenstephan, the world’s oldest continuously operating brewery located in Bavaria, Germany. German Lager yeast is known for its ability to produce clean, well-attenuated beers with a mild malty character. It ferments at temperatures ranging from 50 to 55°F (10 to 13°C) and is often used in classic German lager styles like Dunkel, Bock, and Doppelbock.

American Lager Yeast (WLP840)

As the name suggests, American Lager yeast, also known as WLP840, is a strain commonly employed in the production of American-style lagers. This yeast strain ferments at slightly higher temperatures compared to its European counterparts, typically around 50 to 55°F (10 to 13°C). American Lager yeast produces a clean and crisp beer with a subdued maltiness and a moderate level of hop bitterness. It is often used in light lagers and pilsners, contributing to the refreshing and easy-drinking qualities of these beer styles.

Hybrid Lager Yeast (WLP810)

In addition to the aforementioned strains, there is a hybrid lager yeast, known as WLP810, that offers a unique brewing experience. This strain combines the characteristics of both lager and ale yeast, allowing for fermentation at slightly higher temperatures. Hybrid yeast is commonly used in the production of California Common, a beer style that originated in the United States during the Gold Rush era. It imparts a clean and malty flavor profile, with some fruity esters reminiscent of ale yeast.

FAQs

What are the common strains of lager yeast in beer brewing?

There are several common strains of lager yeast used in beer brewing. Some of the most popular strains include Saccharomyces pastorianus, which is known for its ability to ferment at colder temperatures, resulting in a clean and crisp lager flavor profile. Another popular strain is Saccharomyces carlsbergensis, which is often used in traditional German lager brewing. This strain is known for producing beers with a balanced maltiness and a smooth, rich finish. Other strains like Saccharomyces bayanus and Saccharomyces cerevisiae may also be used in lager fermentation, but they are typically less common.

How do different strains of lager yeast affect the flavor of beer?

Different strains of lager yeast can have a significant impact on the flavor profile of beer. The choice of yeast can influence the aroma, taste, and overall character of the finished product. Some strains may produce more fruity or estery flavors, while others may focus more on maltiness or hop character. The fermentation temperature also plays a crucial role in flavor development, as different yeasts perform best at specific temperature ranges. Brewers often select yeast strains that complement their desired beer style and aim to achieve a balanced and harmonious flavor profile.

Can lager yeast strains be used for ale brewing?

Lager yeast strains are typically better suited for making lagers, which are fermented at lower temperatures, than for brewing ales. Lager yeast thrives in cooler environments (around 50-55°F / 10-13°C) and performs best when given enough time to slowly ferment and condition. Ale yeast, on the other hand, prefers warmer temperatures (around 68-72°F / 20-22°C) and generally ferments more quickly. While it is technically possible to use a lager yeast strain for brewing ales, it might not produce the desired flavor characteristics or provide the same efficiency and reliable fermentation as dedicated ale yeast strains.

Where can I find different strains of lager yeast for brewing?

Different strains of lager yeast can be obtained from various sources, including commercial yeast producers, homebrewing supply stores, or online retailers. Well-known yeast laboratories such as White Labs, Wyeast, or Fermentis offer a wide range of lager yeast strains to choose from. Homebrewers can purchase liquid or dry yeast cultures, and it is essential to carefully follow the manufacturer’s instructions to ensure proper yeast rehydration and pitching rates. Exploring different yeast strains can be an exciting part of the brewing process and can greatly influence the final flavor of your homemade beer.

What factors should I consider when selecting a lager yeast strain for brewing?

When selecting a lager yeast strain for brewing, it is crucial to consider several factors. Firstly, identify the desired beer style and research which yeast strains are commonly used for that style. Consider the temperature at which you can reliably ferment the beer, as some strains may require specific temperature ranges. Additionally, factors such as the anticipated fermentation time, alcohol tolerance of the yeast, and the desired flavor profile should be taken into account. Experimentation with different strains and understanding their individual characteristics can help brewers fine-tune recipes and produce exceptional lagers.